Pharmaceutical advertising is heavily regulated because misleading claims can directly harm public health. Drug companies cannot simply say anything they like about their products. Laws typically control what can be advertised, to whom, and in what language.
Many prescription-only medicines cannot be advertised directly to the general public. Over-the-counter drugs may be advertised, but claims must be truthful, supported by evidence, and not exaggerated. Promising “guaranteed cure”, downplaying side effects, or suggesting that medical consultation is unnecessary are classic red lines.
Advertisements must also avoid targeting vulnerable fears — for example, shaming people over appearance or suggesting negative social consequences unless they buy a particular product. Unapproved indications, off-label uses or comparisons that unfairly discredit competing products can draw regulatory action.
Regulators can order withdrawal of misleading ads, impose fines, and in serious cases even take criminal action. For consumers, a healthy skepticism is wise: medical choices should not be based solely on glossy marketing, but on informed discussion with qualified professionals.